Impasses no diagnóstico de linguagem na primeira infância: psicopatologia ou atraso de linguagem?

Abstract

The diagnosis in Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology was strongly influenced by the medical clinic by bringing together different procedures to undertake the language assessment of patients. However, the heterogeneity of symptoms related to the same pathology creates obstacles for the referral of the diagnosis along the lines of Medicine, which makes this instance a delicate moment, which must be problematized within the scope of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology. This research problematizes the speech-language pathology diagnosis of young children who do not speak or do so in a particular way, given that they are in the time when language is being structured, which makes it difficult to distinguish between normal and pathological. The objective of this study is to discuss how language diagnosis has been approached in the speech therapy clinic, with the proposal of articulating language acquisition and subjective constitution with a view to discussing the differential diagnosis between cases of language delay and psychopathologies. The theoretical perspective assumed is that of the Linguagem Clinic, inaugurated at LAELPUCSP, which has European structuralism as a basis for thinking about language and the structural perspective of Freudian-Lacanian psychoanalysis to contribute to the theorization of subjective structuring. As for the methodology, along with a consistent bibliographic survey, a case study was presented that helps to reflect on the impasses in the diagnosis of subjects who resort to the Language Clinic. The analysis and interpretation of clinical materials were carried out from the Language Clinic and Psychoanalysis, considering that such clinics offer a possibility to approach the diagnosis that goes beyond the negative description of the child's speech, in addition to supporting a concept of subject and language that allows listening to what is unique in the discourse of each subject