O dilema da energia elétrica: uma análise do processo de redução tarifária empreendido pelo governo Dilma

Abstract

The Brazilian government has engaged, at the end of 2012, a range of measures to reduce the country electric energy tariffs. The process, that renewed the concessions of hydroelectric dams and transmission lines, and reduced setorial burdens, was part of a strategy to foster the growing by cutting interest rates and industry costs that became known as "New Macroeconomic Matrix". The results, nonetheless, was been hardly questioned by specialists, energy market agents and even part of the industrial class, wich claims that couldn’t feel the effects of the promised tariff reduction. The objective of this work is to prove that a correct analysis of the costs and benefits of the measures didn’t has been done and that the actions didn’t take in account basic concepts of regulation, aiming a discount larger than previous and longer studies about the issue pointed to be possible. These atitudes has resulted, as we point in this study, in the need of high injections of Treasure funds to the fulfillment and maintenance of the promised discount, what created a sensation of regulatory instability and induced the electric sector to a great judicial battle, what offers risks to the development of the long term power infrastructure. Beyond this, there isn’t any significative change in the tariffs structure, since the tax burden, that represents relevant weight in the final value of the bill, has not been reduced and the setorial burdens were little modified