Indicadores de risco para surdez em crianças de uma clínica otorrinolaringológica de São Paulo

Abstract

Objective: to investigate the occurrence of the risk indicators for hearing impairment in children from 0 to 7 years of age met in an othorrinolaryngologic clinic from São Paulo city in the period from January to December 2008. Method: this is a retrospective study based on search database of a clinic specialized in the care of patients with audiological complaints. We selected records from children from zero to seven years, that has been through an audiological evaluation in the year 2008. Results: our sample was composed by 158 patient records. Out of them 105 (66.5%) were male and 53 (33.5%) were female. Risk indicators found were: infection of superior air way 31%, other (prematurity, small for pregnancy age, drugs/medications, use of medicines, admitted in neonatal intensive care unit for more than 24 hours, mechanical ventilation and consanguinity) in 24%, oral respirator in 21%, pregnancy intercurrence in 13%, family complaint by 8%, meningitis in 2% and rubella in 1%. Higher prevalence of females was with children around 4 years of age (22,7%), for males the larger prevalence occurred for children around 7 years (21%). Of total children in the sample (n = 158), 14.6% total present hearing loss; analyzing gender we observed that out of 53 female children 15,1% presented hearing loss , out of 105 male children, 14,3% presented hearing loss. Conclusion: the greater prevalence risk indicator found was superior air routes infections. The index was higher in male genre. The age group that has the largest audiological complaint audiológica was in age from 2 to 7 years