Identidade quilombola e racismo: análise etnográfica da comunidade do Umbuzeiro/BA

Abstract

The present research starts from the following questions: what elements constitute the quilombola identity of the Umbuzeiro/BA community?; How is the relationship between the researched community and the surrounding communities established? It was established as a general objective to analyze the conceptions about the quilombola identity in the community of Umbuzeiro and how the relations of the community with the surroundings are established. As specific objectives, to understand how the Umbuzeiro community perceives itself concerning the quilombola identity; analyze the relationship between the people of Umbuzeiro and the surrounding communities, both in social life and in everyday school life; identify expressions of racism and their relations with the constitution of the quilombola identity of the community. Data were collected using methodological and theoretical tools of ethnographic research. A set of authors was chosen as a theoretical reference, such as Bourdieu (2011), Elias and Scotson (2000), Fiabani (2005), Nilma Lino Gomes (2012), and Silvio Almeida (2020). All the material was organized and analyzed in two main categories: identity, which analyzed the conflicting construction of quilombola identity in the Umbuzeiro community, and racism, identified in situations that are considered a one-off problem, but that demonstrate long practices and that interfere in the relationship between Umbuzeiro and the other surrounding communities. It can be concluded that the historical erasure that quilombola communities live in, added to the practices of social and racial discrimination, affects the possibility of building a positive quilombola identity. However, some people continue to resist the stigmas attributed to them and are proud of their quilombola origin