Contribuições da práxis de Frantz Fanon e Franco Basaglia à luta antimanicomial brasileira

Abstract

Given the advancement of the Psychiatric Counter Reform movement in Brazil, one notices the return, in an official way, of the discourse and practice of Psychiatry in favor of a treatment of madness from a biomedical model, hospitalocentric, segregation and institutionalization. Thus, it is necessary to rescue the practices that oppose this perspective and sustain new models of mental health care. In this sense, the present research adopted as a general objective to map the main contributions of Frantz Fanon and Franco Basaglia's praxis to the construction of the Brazilian Anti-asylum Fight Movement. For this, based on the theoretical framework of Social-Historical Psychology and focusing on dialectical materialism-historical, a theoretical study was proposed, based on a broad and systematic bibliographic review, from selected writings about the Psychiatry practiced by two militant-authors, Frantz Fanon and Franco Basaglia. In them, we identify and examine records of the transformations operated by both in different systems of mental health care, as well as the principles that guided them and that they went through in their lives. These anti-asylum transformations, led by the mentioned authors, are presented and discussed as results of this research, anchored in anti-colonial, anti-racist and anti-capitalist praxes. As conclusions, we present, in synthesis, the main contents mapped and analyzed of these referential works, as highly relevant contributions to the necessary resumption of a frank and permanent anti-asylum praxis, such as, for example, transformations in the plans of social relations with madness in services, in the territory and in the organization of the Anti-asylum fight movement itself, considering anti-racism as an important guide for these