Aprendendo com o trabalho em uma clínica aberta de psicanálise

Abstract

In this research I present the work carried out by a collective of psychoanalysts, the Open Psychoanalysis Clinic at Casa do Povo. I begin with a historical contextualization, inserting this work in a tradition that dates back to the V International Psychoanalytic Congress, held in 1918. There, Freud announced to his colleagues the need to adapt the psychoanalytic technique in order to serve, free of charge, a large number of people. The first social psychoanalytic clinics were the Berlin Polyclinic and the Vienna Ambulatorium, opened in 1920 and 1922, respectively. In Brazil, at the beginning of the 1970s, the Social Psychoanalysis Clinic was established in Rio de Janeiro. Our work, which began in 2016, is part of the lineage of social clinics, however, it carries out an unprecedented transformation in psychoanalytic technique: the same patients are treated by different analysts who, in a collective and group work, constitute what we call the group-analyst. In the first moment of the thesis, I seek to bring the reader closer to the experience: I present the history of the formation of our collective and expose a “self-portrait” of this psychoanalyst during a day of seeing patients at the clinic. Then, I begin the theoretical and metapsychological development that supports the work. To think about unconscious communications and the transferential entanglement that forms between the group of psychoanalysts and the analysands, I propose an epistemological metaphor that investigates, through the reading of contemporary botany and mycology works, the mutual support between plants and fungi. The aim is to sharpen the theoretical-political imagination for work in a social psychoanalysis clinic. I then move on to an exposition of the authors of psychoanalysis who allow us to think about the adaptation of the technique proposed by our collective: Sigmund Freud, René Kaës, Wilfred Bion and Donald Winnicott. From the first two authors, I build a bridge that goes from the transmissions of thoughts, observed by the creator of psychoanalysis, to the dreamlike texture of groups, perceived by the Frenchman, and which allows us to imagine a pairing of unconscious that makes the group, through dream work, a continent for each of its members. Bion and Winnicott support us in the task of bringing the analyst's attention to the transferential here-and-now. The first from his indications that the analyst must, in front of patients, seek a state of mind without memory, without desire and without prior understanding. The second by transmitting to us his ideas about therapeutic consultations, the single-session consultations in psychoanalysis. In the case of English psychoanalysts, we are dealing with late formulations that evoke a good part of their psychoanalytic experiences – in this sense I propose a passage through some of their conglomerates of ideas. Throughout the thesis, and more directly at its conclusion, I expose some of the learnings from this experience