Correlação entre o ângulo de rotação de tronco, a rotação axial da vértebra e o ângulo de Cobb na escoliose idiopática do adolescente

Abstract

Introduction: Idiopathic scoliosis is a three-dimensional deformity of the spinal column, characterized by vertebrae axial rotation in the horizontal plane, lateral inclination in the frontal plane and predominant posterior-flexion of the vertebrae in the sagittal plane. The vertebrae axial rotation contributes to the hump typically observed in individuals with scoliosis. The more pronounced the vertebrae rotation, coupled with a higher degree of Cobb angle, the more prominent the hump. The commonly used method among surgeons to measure axial vertebral rotation (AVR) is the Nash-Moe technique, which requires a radiograph for measurement. nother method frequently used in clinical practice to measure trunk rotation angle (TRA) is the scoliometer, a non-invasive, easy-to-handle, low-cost method with good clinical applicability. As adolescents in their growth phase are excessively exposed to radiation for monitoring Cobb angle progression and vertebral rotation, it is worth exploring whether the scoliometer can be used in clinical assessment to supplement the monitoring of scoliosis progression while reducing radiation exposure. Objective: to identify if there is a correlation between the Nash-Moe method for assessing axial vertebral rotation and the trunk rotation angle measured by the scoliometer, and to correlate these variables with the Cobb angle. Method: Thirty-two individuals were selected for the study, mostly females (23, 72%), with a mean age of 12.5 (1.56) years, which contained in their records Nash-Moe measurements, scoliometer measurements, and the Cobb angle. Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients were used to verify correlation, while the t-student and paired t-tests were used to identify significant differences. Results: Weak statistical correlation with little or no real evidence was identified between Nash-Moe and the scoliometer, and between Nash-Moe and the Cobb angle. However, a statistically significant correlation with strong evidence was found between the scoliometer and the Cobb angle. Conclusion: There is low correlation between the Nash-Moe and the scoliometer measurement methods, as well as between Nash-Moe and the Cobb angle. However, there was a statistically significant correlation between the scoliometer and the Cobb angle