Formação continuada de professores dos anos iniciais: contribuições para a construção de uma escola democrática inspirada em Paulo Freire

Abstract

The aim of this research is to analyze the impact and limits of the continuous teacher training to the pedagogical practice aimed to a democratic school. It presents as the focal point of this research the following question: Which are the contributions of the continuous training to the pedagogical practice of the Elementary School teachers who works to the municipal public system in Jaraguá-SP, Brazil, while aiming the construction of a democratic school?. The theoretical basis of this work is the pedagogy of Paulo Freire (2001a, 2013a, 2015) and others important authors that works derive from it: Nóvoa (1992, 2008), Imbernón (2009, 2010), Gimeno Sacristán (2000, 2007), A. M. Saul, (2012), Feldmann (2009), Santiago e Batista Neto (2011) e A. Saul (2015). Its methodology is based in a qualitative approach, with a bibliographic review and field research. The survey’s participants were teachers, the principal and the pedagogical coordinators of the earlier referred school. The data were collected by the analysis of the school´s political pedagogical project and of the Special Action Project – PEA and participant observation of teacher training to the pedagogical practice (JEIF/PEA). Other data were also gathered from pedagogical meetings, parents and teacher’s meetings, pedagogical practice and semi-structured interviews with educators. The axes of analysis are the categories that constitute the Freire’s concepts employed in this study, specifically the consciousness of the incompleteness; the search of being more, listening, dialogue, participation, action-reflection-action and transformation. The research results pointed out that the characteristics of the continuous training of teachers are present, showing principles like listening, dialoguing, participation and action-reflection-action movement, evidenced in the documents analyzed, interviews, observations, training and pedagogical meetings and even in the classroom. Although it is still necessary to reach more advances and to increase the amount of theory and practice in teacher training procedures in this school, it is possible to affirm that the training actions identified and analyzed predict perspectives of transformation of pedagogical practice, looking for a democratic school