O paradoxo da desesperança: afirmação da vida através dos negativos

Abstract

This thesis is a study related to the clinic of cases intensely resistant to its suffering decrease - clinical modalities that are organized around Nos rigidly addressed to the cure, to the analyst and the life. For the understanding of such patient two Freudian concepts were studied: The Negative Therapeutic Reaction and the Verleugnung, starting from the authors' reading that I highlight: Joan Riviere, Betty Joseph, Pontalis, Octave Mannoni, Bernard Penot and Luís Cláudio Figueiredo. Such powerful resistances are seen, in this research, not like an obstacle to the change; but as manifestation of tenacious love and hate bonds to primary objects, with which a relationship more than of symbiosis is established; in the Pontalis conception, an incest type like that occurs among psychic apparels. The hate appears in those cases, not like pulsional discharge, but as a No that hides a Yes that cannot be enunciated. For this particular understanding of the hate I counted with authors' readings as Bollas and André Green, including here the "Work of the Negative" of this last author. Clinical vignettes and clinical cases will also be presented in the course of the thesis. A discussion about of the handling and the clinical approach of these patient, will be presented - starting from the own access difficulty to the direct communication with that we are confronted. In other words, considering the forces titans-guardians of the person that suffer - that are: the Negative Therapeutic Reaction, the Verleugnung and the Hate. The Binomial Hope-Despair attends in the end fundamentally from an winnicottian optics, also using readings of Luís Cláudio Figueiredo and Mitchell. These patients suffer of "Congenital Despair" (Winnicott); but when they seek us; won't they bring a rest of hope - by a thread? That s The Despair Paradox . And our question: what "madness is this of wanting to change the others"? (Pontalis). A reflection regarding our position ethical-clinic in face of these "untreatable" (Pontalis) patients conclude the work