A interpretação ilusória do fenômeno acústico na construção da comunicação: um estudo do fenômeno de epêntese

Abstract

The human perception has the communicative processes, like as, the inclusion or suppression of a sonore stimulus resonant that favors or commit the perception. (Justification) The epenthesis is a phenomenon that offers a privileged field for the study of the present basic processes in the art of the human communication. (Objective) Initially our objective went to investigate the occurrence of this phenomenon in the Brazilian Portuguese Language. Besides, the occurrence in comparison to the Japanese Language and the European Portuguese Language has been investigated. Soon afterwards, we investigated the different processes perceptually presented in monolinguals and bilinguals, respectively Portuguese and Brazilian-Japanese subjects. (Hypothesis) The epenthesis phenomenon occurs in the Portuguese Brazilian language influenced by the perceptives aspects of the maternal language; and in the case of bilingual subjects, the epenthesis is influenced by the perceptives aspects of the language more used by the speaker. (Theoretical-methodological aspects) In this work we made considerations regarding the epenthesis phenomenon, treating it as a communication phenomenon, in the Brazilian Portuguese, European Portuguese and Japanese languages. The epenthesis phenomenon is characterized by the inclusion, of an non-existent vowel in the acoustic stimuli. The analysis accomplished in this research is-based on the cognitive sciences, considering the psycholinguistic and sociolinguistic aspects, mainly involved in the perception of the phenomenon studied in the different populations. The corpus consisted of five experiments accomplished by speakers of the three studied languages, respectively 28 Japanese tested in Tokyo, 50 Brazilians tested in São Paulo and 18 Portuguese tested in Lisbon. Besides there were three groups of bilingual Brazilian Portuguese-Japanese speakers, so in total 90 speakers; eight musicians monolingual; and eighteen children, divided in groups similar to the amount monolingual and bilingual subjects. (Results) All the results were statistically analyzed and interpreted. From this analysis, we concluded that Japanese's and Brazilian Portuguese speakers had present epenthesis perceptual, which was not verified in European Portuguese's speakers. However the vowel epenthesis varied among the languages. The bilingual subjects, tested in Brazil presented the same vowel epenthesis as the Brazilian monolingual subjects. The results are consistent with the notion that the perceptual epenthesis is a phonological phenomenon based on the perceptives regularities acquired early in the maternal language and that suffer current alterations of the exhibition to a second language, and that the phenomenon is not originating from the effect of the analysis of the orthographic, lexical or grammatical properties