Políticas antirracistas como componente do direito à cidade: experiências em São Paulo e Nova York

Abstract

This article analyzes anti-racist urban policies in São Paulo and New York, cities in the global south and north marked by inequality that affects the Black population through spatial segregation and the consequent difficulty in accessing services, a reflection of structural racism. Racism is a global phenomenon, but it is created and recreated in urban spaces where race and class conflicts are potentiated. Considering that capitalism is responsible for the expansion of inequality and, consequently, for the spatial segregation of the Black and poor population. Therefore, the way to combat inequality involves considering the impacts of racism in formulation of urban policies - infrastructure, education, housing, health, transport and security. The research collected official data available in electronic channels and documents, as well as scientific articles, bibliographical research and journalistic material on this subject and was based on the theoretical reference of authors who discuss ethnic-racial relations, the crisis of capitalism from a Marxist perspective and contradictions in the development of global cities. The results show that the anti-racist urban policies developed in New York, although they have not yet been able to end racial inequality, are more consolidated than in São Paulo and oriented to different areas, such as health, education, and public safety. The hypotheses considered for the best performance are the formalization of institutional recognition of the impact of racism on urban relations; the volume of budget allocation - New York invests proportionally three times more in actions to combat racism than São Paulo - and a greater number of black representatives in institutional spaces, both in the executive and in the legislature. São Paulo managed to advance punctually in anti-racist policies in education. The main challenge now is to incorporate the anti-racist agenda across other areas