Esclerose Múltipla dos primeiros sintomas ao diagnóstico: estudo de caso

Abstract

Introduction: Multiple Sclerosis [MS], is a chronic, degenerative, autoimmune, inflammatory, neurological disease with no cure (Perez-Carmona et al, 2019). The individual's immune system recognizes the body's structures as foreign and begins to attack itself. With this, instead of the immune cells acting only against harmful agents, they start reacting against the structures of the body, treating them as foreign elements and producing Inflammation. As demyelination progresses, the functions ordered by the brain, brainstem, cerebellum, and spinal cord become damaged, impairing motor, nerve, sensory, and spinal cord functions (Piloti et al; 2021). Objective: To describe the process of medical diagnosis and to obtain data concerning speech therapy complaints through evaluations and examinations. Method: Exploratory research of qualitative nature, by method of clinical case report. A survey was carried out on the clinical history of a 21- year-old female patient, diagnosed with multiple sclerosis 5 years ago and possibly related to autoimmune disease due to family coaggregation. Imaging examinations and clinical analyses done to make the diagnosis of MS and evaluation done during the research period were considered. Research approved by the PUC/SP Ethics Committee N° 5.669.220