Mulheres usuárias de drogas e o sequestro de seus filhos: interrogar a violência de estado numa perspectiva feminista

Abstract

This research was carried out in partnership with women Who had their children kidnapped by the State and with professionals from the field of health and law Who stood by their side, in guaranteeing the rights of children and their mothers. We refer to kidnapping as the practice of removmg babies, more specifically of homeless women and/or drug users, which was consolidated without mothers having the right to see and breastfeed their children, as many were not informed the institucional whereabouts oftheir children_ This debate is fundamental considering the current and recurring recommendation of justice agencies about the birth of children of women Who use crack cocaine and other as Well as pregnant women Who refuse to undergo prenatal care Aiming to understand the play of forces and truths that govern bodies of women and children in situations of social vulnerability, we seek to know, through interview-conversations, the institutional itineraries of two drug users women Who lived the experience of having withdrawan children and Who struggle to recover or reconstruct their history; as Well as the professional's actions Who have built strategies to face rights violations in the City of Belo Horizonte This town has been an emblematic landmark since 2014, when the Public Prosecutor's Office of Minas Gerais State implemented recommendations for the removal of babies, which got great visibility_ The researcher's encounter, as a professional in a mental health service in São Paulo, with a drug user woman also composed the narratives of the women Who open each section of the thesis. More, from the idea of a living research, we participate in debates and public hearings to discuss this topic_ Guided by a feminist epistemology, especially since the de colonial feminism of Lélia Gonzales, Beatriz Nascimento, Françoise Vergés and Elsa Dorlin, we seek to analyze the oppressions that sexism and racism produce, operating from the "dead networks" that are built in the lives of these women and kids. The following plans of analysis compose the thesis: a) the historicity of different mechanisms of kidnapping children born in poverty: the baby hatch, the "minorism" and the practices carried out in Brazilian, Argentinian and Spanish dictatorships; b) the current custody withdrawal modes present in what we denominate "dead network": the operation of denial, the production of unworthy motherhood through moral protection and drug prohibitionism, and psycho-legal mechanisms of criminalization and pathologlzatlon of families; c) the guaranteeist perspective of rights, especially the debate on sexual and reproductive rights, and the ways of sustaining networks of support and protection that do not oppose children's rights to those of women_ The production of kidnapping is anchored in the alleged protection of the child, but, in the name of this protection, in many cases, they violate the rights of women who, commonly judged by their way of life, start to receive a new "sentence": denial of the right to motherhood. This thesis supports the production of living networks as a strategy to face the intolerable