O protagonismo feminino nas greves de 1917

Abstract

This research proposes to unveil the female protagonism in the world of work from the information gathered in the press about its performance in the strikes of 1917. We have examined four journals such as A Plebe, O Debate, O Graphico and the Gazeta de Notícias to analyze the presence of workers in the striking movements, in the working-class alloys of neighborhoods, as well as their protagonism outside the factory space, that is, in the daily routine of domestic and family organization. For reflection on this aspect of the dissertation we take the concept of "Work" by K. Marx, understood as a process between nature and human being, therefore, an activity inherent to creativity and human action, which allowed the opposition to the perspectives which recognize only paid activities as work. The actions of these women are analyzed in the strikes of 1917 in São Paulo and in Rio de Janeiro, the leadership and actions of the bag seamstresses, who staged a "own" strike against the fraudsters of the patronage and at a fair price for your job. In addition, we investigated the factors that contributed to subsume the presence of the workers in such movements. We also see how the language used by the journals made it difficult to locate these women in these resistances at that historical moment and how, by their visibility, they were gradually referred to by terminations in the feminine (workers). This reflection enabled us to recover the contributions of these women to the achievements of the strikes, as well as to the formation of the working class