DSpace Coleção: Anteriormente FonoaudiologiaAnteriormente Fonoaudiologiahttps://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/244882024-03-28T14:05:58Z2024-03-28T14:05:58ZRelações entre grau de perda auditiva e as habilidades de linguagem em crianças usuárias de AASIhttps://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/410652024-02-24T04:03:20Z2023-03-16T00:00:00ZTítulo: Relações entre grau de perda auditiva e as habilidades de linguagem em crianças usuárias de AASI
Abstract: Introduction: The literature points out that vocabulary is linked to speech perception, considering that the individual is dependent on good discrimination to have access to information. In children with hearing loss, obstacles distance them from typical development, reflecting on the gap in auditory skills generated by stimulus deprivation, leaving them below expectations, making it difficult to equate their results to a child with normal hearing. The auditory perception and the development of the repertoire in these cases are directly influenced by the consistent use of the devices, with significant repercussions on the development in early childhood. Objective: To analyze the role of audibility for speech sounds in auditory perception and language development and to identify how consistency in device use can interfere in this process. Method: The procedures were performed at CeAC/Derdic/PUCSP. Speech Intelligibility Indexes (SII) were established for input sounds of 55 and 65 dB SPL of 29 children with sensorineural hearing loss who use hearing aids bilaterally and have oral language. They were submitted to the task of repetition of words with and without meaning in two different intensities (55 and 65 dBSPL) and to the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test – PPVT for the study of one of the vocabulary aspects. In data analysis, the SII was related to the results obtained in each analysis criterion. Results: The percentage of correct answers in all lists was not related to SII 65dB, probably because almost all children had SII65dB>= 64%. In the SII55dB, the group of children with SII 55 dB ≥ 64% had a higher percentage of correct answers, when compared to children in the SII 55 dB < 64% group, in all considered lists. The group with Peabody ≥ 85 has more hits in the lists and tend to have more correct word hits in the lists. The group of children with SII 55dB ≥ 64% are more frequent among those with worse hearing aid use consistency (less than 8 hours/day). Conclusion: For children with moderate hearing loss, the SII at 55dB is more sensitive to assess auditory perception for speech in hearing aid users. Children with SII 55dB lower than 64% make more consistent use of hearing aids. Although there was no significant relationship between SII 65dB and 55 dB with vocabulary skills, the group with a standard score on the PPVT >= 85 had a higher accuracy of words in the lists presented in 65dBNPs, highlighting that the type of loss and the configuration influence in the performance of these children. Further research is needed to determine the audibility limits for speech sounds with a view to improving family orientation processes with the aim of greater consistency in the use of the device
Tipo: Dissertação2023-03-16T00:00:00ZFrequency following response (FFR) em crianças com transtorno do desenvolvimento de linguagemhttps://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/410522024-02-24T04:02:59Z2023-03-14T00:00:00ZTítulo: Frequency following response (FFR) em crianças com transtorno do desenvolvimento de linguagem
Abstract: Auditory Brainstem Response with complex sounds (cABR) allows the assessment of how behavioral sounds, such as the way speech processed in the brain. The syllable /da/ is widely used in the literature as a complex sound stimulus, and the consonant-vowel complex consists of a transient consonant segment followed by a vowel sustained periodic segment. The transient response to the consonant and the sustained response to the vowel are called the Frequency Following Response (FFR). Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) occurs when a child has severe and persistent difficulties understanding and in functioning language, which may affect daily life activities and school performance, with no other medical conditions. Children with DLD may present changes in the temporal processing of speech sounds. The FFR measures the temporal conduction capacity of the complex sound stimulus, in the auditory brainstem, without distortion. Objective: Analyse the Frequency Following Response (FFR) in children with Developmental Language Disorder. Method: Observational, cross-sectional, and prospective study. Children between four and eleven years old were invited to participate in the study and divided in two groups: the first group was composed by nine children with confirmed DLD, and nine children with typical neurological development were part of the control group. FFR data collection parameters were established, and the results were compared among the two groups. The literature with normal data was also used in order to compare the results, and ANOVA was used with this purpose. In a second moment, MATLAB engineering software was used in order to analyze the frequency domain of the FFR. Conclusion: The FFR is a viable auditory evoked potential in clinical practice with little variability of waves, in spontaneous sleep or at rest and awake. It has an important role in the evaluation of speech sound coding in the auditory brainstem, in populations with Developmental Language Disorder and Temporal Processing Disorder. The FFR´s time and frequency domain are better evaluated using the MATLAB engineering software that allows the graph
Tipo: Dissertação2023-03-14T00:00:00ZImpacto do gênero na percepção dos ouvintes sobre a fala de apresentadores de radiojornalismohttps://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/408602024-02-05T15:47:56Z2023-03-15T00:00:00ZTítulo: Impacto do gênero na percepção dos ouvintes sobre a fala de apresentadores de radiojornalismo
Abstract: Introduction: the recent increase in women presenters in radio journalism represents a change in configuration that requires adaptation from listeners. The speech pattern in radio journalism was historically marked by the male presence, with the appreciation of low frequency voices, associated with the perception of more strength and credibility. Listeners, in contact with the voice of communicators, attribute to them physical and personality traits based on stereotypes. Gender stereotypes are an example of these simplified attributions of meaning effects that can lead to misleading and prejudiced impressions. Objective: to identify whether gender interferes in the evaluation of listeners in relation to the speech of male and female presenters in the context of radio journalism. Method: this is an observational, cross-sectional and quantitative study. The subjects of the research are listeners of a national radio journalistic station, recruited through an invitation made during the program, for a period of fifteen days. The participants received a questionnaire remotely with the presentation of excerpts from the speech of six journalists from the station, three men and three women, and evaluated the voices giving scores for the attributes credibility, security, mastery of content, sincerity and charisma. The responses of the 466 listeners who accepted the terms in the TCLE were considered valid. Comparisons between the 6 voices were made using the Chi-square test, considering 3 response classes: low recognition, moderate recognition and high recognition. Results: the data point to a balance of scores of male and female presenters among the listeners of the station. Women were better evaluated among younger, less educated and female people. In the overall assessment of the sample, a single male presenter scored highest on four of the five questions. Most of the time, the women occupied intermediate positions and the other two men had the worst scores. Conclusion: gender is not a determining factor in the judgment of listeners about the performance of male and female presenters of the researched
Tipo: Dissertação2023-03-15T00:00:00ZNível de leitura de crianças com deficiência auditiva de um centro especializado de reabilitaçãohttps://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/408552024-02-05T16:01:41Z2023-03-09T00:00:00ZTítulo: Nível de leitura de crianças com deficiência auditiva de um centro especializado de reabilitação
Abstract: Introduction: Hearing is essential for language acquisition. Diagnosis of hearing loss and early intervention result in lower chances of a negative impact on the child's long-term development. Accompanying the development of children diagnosed with hearing impairment is essential, as children, in their school stage, need audiological monitoring and support. Therefore, periodic evaluation must be carried out in the service and some tests can provide important data on its development. Objective: To identify the reading level of children with hearing impairment in a specialized rehabilitation center, correlating it with audiological characteristics, use of sound amplification equipment and receptive vocabulary characteristics. Method: The research was carried out at the Children's Hearing Center (CeAC). Sixteen children with hearing loss, users of hearing aids and/or CI (cochlear implant), of both sexes, aged between 8 and 12 years old, already literate, who attend regular school and without other associated disabilities were included. The reading test “Sentence Comprehension-TELCS”, School Performance Test TDE-II (word reading) was used to assess reading, and the Peabody Receptive Vocabulary Test -PPVT4 was used to assess vocabulary. The audiological data were obtained from the child's medical record with recent evaluation. Results: The SII55dB and 65dB ≥ 64% showed a relationship with the receptive vocabulary. The sentence reading and comprehension test showed a relationship with SII65dB ≥ 64% and with receptive vocabulary >85. The word reading test was unrelated to the SII or vocabulary. The use of the device showed no relationship with any of the data, that is, SSII55dB, SII65dB, vocabulary, word reading and sentence reading. Conclusion: According to the study data, we can suggest that good audibility is related to good receptive vocabulary performance of children with hearing loss, and that good audibility and higher vocabulary performance are related to better performance in reading and comprehension of subjects' sentences. To conclude: Word reading is not related to IBS, vocabulary or the use of devices, and the use of the device was also unrelated to any variable
Tipo: Dissertação2023-03-09T00:00:00Z