https://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/17417 2026-04-04T14:16:39Z 2026-04-04T14:16:39Z https://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/46533 2026-02-06T21:18:40Z 2025-11-28T00:00:00Z

Título: Uma orquestra sem maestro?: governança do spa (UNFCCC) Abstract: This research investigates the subnational dynamics of global climate governance, particularly regarding the engagement of these actors in agendas, processes, and negotiations established under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). It asks to what extent the Local Governments and Municipal Authorities Constituency (LGMA) is able to influence UNFCCC governance through its action agenda for the Conferences of the Parties (COPs), especially in the post-Paris Agreement period (2015-2024). Beyond the introduction, the first section is conceptual, mobilizing elements that support the inclusion of the topic within the research fields of governance and International Relations. It also reflects on the governance arrangements established after the failure of the Kyoto Protocol and the gradual transition of the regime toward a “bottom-up” model adopted by the Paris Agreement. The second section discusses the framing of local governments within global climate governance, the instruments adopted by the LGMA to coordinate activities, and its relation to the agenda of transnational networks. The third section traces the process of the Local Governments’ Climate Roadmap, created to foster recognition, engagement, and empowerment of the LGMA in the regime, followed by a fourth section that analyzes the group’s advocacy in the post-Paris era. After the Paris Agreement, new dynamics emerged, supposedly favorable to the decentralization of the UNFCCC and the engagement of non-state and subnational actors in a deliberate attempt to coordinate the ambition of the Parties. On the other hand, considering that these actors are both associated with the risks and effects of the climate crisis and embedded in distributive conflicts and power struggles at the global level, the governance dynamic still appears to manifest itself in a considerably top-down manner for non-Party actors such as local governments Tipo: Dissertação

2025-11-28T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/45494 2025-11-28T04:03:37Z 2025-10-27T00:00:00Z

Título: Governança além da membresia: a OCDE e a implementação do Programa-País Abstract: The 21st century has witnessed the expansion of OECD activities in global governance beyond its membership. Among the strategies to broaden its agenda, the “Country Programme”, launched in 2013, stands out as a crucial initiative that has elevated the Organization’s relationship with non-member countries to a new “level.” Aimed at supporting certain countries in achieving the Organization’s standards and best practices, the Country Programme provides a more strategic and organized framework for cooperation with non-member states, as well as support for the implementation of their domestic reforms. Against this backdrop, by examining the OECD’s behavior in the 21st century and the implementation of the Country Programme, this thesis seeks to answer two interconnected questions: 1) What are the OECD’s objective(s) in creating the Country Programme? and 2) How does this initiative reflect new modalities of state reform induction by International Organizations? It is argued that the Country Programmes can be understood as instruments for the gradual co-optation of potential members, aiming to expand and demarcate the influence of the Western axis. From this perspective, in response to the rise of emerging countries from the Global South, the OECD consolidates itself as a relevant space for geopolitical and economic convergence under the leadership of the North Atlantic. Furthermore, it is considered that such programmes exemplify new forms of state reform induction used by International Organizations today, which do not necessarily involve imperative resources or counter-services, but rather “subtle” mechanisms of action. Based on the methodological tools – content analysis and the comparative method – and the neo-Gramscian analytical framework of International Relations, this thesis aims to advance reflections on the OECD’s influence in promoting reforms in non-member states and on how the Organization’s actions are directly related to the current international environment, especially regarding global governance systems in contemporary times Tipo: Tese

2025-10-27T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/45431 2025-10-18T12:36:09Z 2025-09-19T00:00:00Z

Título: A (des)securitização de identidades pela União Europeia: a ambivalência da gestão fronteiriça das crises de refugiados síria (2016) e ucraniana (2022) Abstract: This research aims to assess the European Union's measures to address the Syrian (2016) and Ukrainian (2022) refugee crises in light of the ambivalence of border management, raising the hypothesis of “(de)securitization of identities”. To this end, this work draws on the dialogue between the Copenhagen School's Securitization Theory (1998) and its contemporary reinterpretations of the securitization of migration in “Fortress Europe” to conduct an exploratory-procedural analysis of this case study. The qualitative approach adopted considers the continuum of (in)security that permeated the implementation of the European UnionTurkey Agreement and the Temporary Protection Directive in response to mass displacement, drawing on a literature review, documentary analysis, and the critical perspective of identity and cultural studies. This is because, although both measures are considered forms of externalization of external borders, the EU-Turkey Agreement implied the exclusion of migrants and refugees, while the TPD promoted the prompt reception of Ukrainians, questioning the ambivalence of border management externalized by the European Union: sometimes exclusionary, sometimes inclusive. This theoretical-conceptual dialogue was guided by the movements of securitization and desecuritization of migration, with a focus on Copenhagen's societal (in)security, whose identity keys of “Us” and “Other” are activated by border control through criteria of belonging and differentiation. As a result, the (de)securitization of identities by the European Union was observed, which instrumentalizes identity dynamics to justify measures of containment, profiling, and exclusion, especially of vulnerable and racialized minorities from the Geopolitical South, in favor of its political interests, contributing to the reproduction of the continuum of (in)security to the detriment of the guarantee of fundamental rights and the rule of law Tipo: Dissertação

2025-09-19T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/44109 2025-03-27T04:04:03Z 2025-02-21T00:00:00Z

Título: A expansão da OCDE na América Latina: análise dos processos de acessão dos países da região Abstract: This dissertation analyzes the expansion of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in Latin America, highlighting why certain countries have opted to join the institution and how they have internalized its governance guidelines. The research departs from the premise that OECD membership is not merely a technical-administrative improvement but rather reflects strategic foreign policy decisions shaped by systemic factors and, above all, by domestic coalitions. To this end, a theoretical-methodological approach based on two pillars is adopted: (i) understanding institutional overlapping in the regio n- that is, the overlap of mandates and agendas (OECD, IDB, PA, EU) - which reinforces the dissemination of market oriented reforms; and (ii) analyzing foreign policy processes, emphasizing the leading role of governments, economic ministries, business groups, and think tanks. The study focuses on the four Latin American member countries (Mexico, Chile, Colombia, and Costa Rica), noting that although each has unique historical and economic characteristics, there is a fundamental convergence: the desire to project themselves globally and attract foreign investment, for which the OECD functions as a “seal of quality” bestowing international legitimacy. The research finds that the organization’s expansion in the region is tied both to the pursuit of credibility vis à-vis North Atlantic powers and to the support of governments seeking greater economic openness and integration into global value chains. Accordingly, it identifies domestic dynamics in which the business community, economic ministries, and the media wield decisive influence, displacing the traditional role of ministries of foreign affairs. Methodologically, the dissertation draws on official documents, OECD reports, academic articles, and newspaper coverage to triangulate different perspectives. The findings indicate that OECD membership arises from a complex process of domestic bargaining and convergence, facilitated by the joint activities of international institutions aligned with the agenda of developed countries. The conclusion is that the OECD’s expansion in Latin America, far from being merely functional, entails political and economic choices that involve disputes, definitions of international positioning, and institutional rearrangements calibrated to the standards of the West Tipo: Dissertação

2025-02-21T00:00:00Z